As spring weather warms the soil, and recent rainfall a blessing, here is a reminder of how valuable mulching can be in the garden. The benefits of mulch depend on the material used and depth to which it is applied. In general, mulching minimizes evaporation of water from the soil surface, reducing irrigation need by around 50%. It helps stabilize soil moisture levels, thereby improving vegetable quality and encouraging the beneficial activity of soil organisms. Some of the more common mulch materials include small grain straw, wood or bark chips, grass clippings and black plastic(weed mat). Mulching helps reduce soil compaction forces from rain and traffic. And if organic material is used, the mulch can be later plowed into the garden as a soil amendment. Mulching can cool or warm soil temperatures, and can also aid in weed control.
A word of caution: If adding old manure from the cow or horse lot is part of your organic soil amendment plan, MAKE SURE that the hay consumed by the livestock was NOT treated with herbicides of residual effect (such as GrazonNext). In the last couple of years I have observed an increasing number of tomato and other garden plants reacting to herbicide residual damage.
Gardening Do’s and Don’ts Here are some pointers that should help with the success of this year’s garden.
Gardening Tips
In order to have a successful garden, the gardener must follow a few rules. The following tips may help to prevent some common garden problems from occurring, or help overcome those that do arise: Sample soil and have it tested every three to four years. Apply fertilizers in the recommended manner and amount. Make use of organic materials such as compost where available. Use recommended varieties. Thin plants when small. Use mulches to conserve moisture, control weeds, and reduce fruit rots.
Avoid excessive walking and working in the garden when foliage and soil are wet.
Examine the garden often to keep ahead of potential problems. Keep the garden free of weeds, insects, and diseases. Wash and clean tools and sprayers after use. Rotate specific crop family locations each year to avoid insect and disease buildup.
When possible, harvest vegetables during the cool hours of the day.
Avoid the Following Mistakes:
Planting too closely, which prevents walking or working in the garden.
Placing fertilizer directly in contact with plant roots or seeds. Cultivating deeply, resulting in injury to plant roots. Depending on varieties not recommended for your area; however, do try new releases.
Watering frequently or excessively so that the soil is always wet and soggy.
Allowing weeds to grow large before elimination. Applying chemicals or pesticides in a haphazard manner, without reading label directions or proper mixing.
Using chemicals not specifically recommended for garden crops. Storing leftover diluted spray.
